Which of the following is an indication for ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are primarily indicated for the management of hypertension. These medications work by blocking the effects of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure. By inhibiting the production or action of this hormone, ACE inhibitors and ARBs promote vasodilation, leading to a decrease in blood pressure.

While these agents have additional indications, such as providing renal protection in patients with diabetes or managing heart failure, their primary and most well-established use is in the treatment of hypertension. Therefore, selecting hypertension as the correct indication reflects a foundational understanding of how these medications primarily function in clinical practice.

In contrast, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and arthritis do not directly relate to the primary action of ACE inhibitors and ARBs in managing blood pressure. While ACE inhibitors may have additional benefits in patients with diabetes related to kidney protection, this is not their primary function, which is to lower blood pressure.