What is the secondary effect of calcium channel blockers in treating hypertension?

Calcium channel blockers primarily function by inhibiting the entry of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells, particularly those in the arterial walls, thereby promoting vasodilation and reducing vascular resistance. As a secondary effect, many calcium channel blockers also impact heart rate. Certain types of these medications, especially non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers like verapamil and diltiazem, are known to decrease heart rate by exerting effects on the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes in the heart. This dual action helps to lower blood pressure effectively, as it not only relaxes the blood vessels but also reduces the workload of the heart.

Other potential effects such as increasing renal function, enhancing sleep quality, or promoting weight loss are not typical secondary effects of calcium channel blockers used specifically for hypertension. The primary therapeutic aim of these agents is centered around managing blood pressure through vasodilation and, in the case of specific types, modulating heart rate.