What condition can result from abrupt cessation of beta-blockers?

The correct answer is rebound hypertension, which occurs when beta-blockers are abruptly stopped after prolonged use. Beta-blockers, such as atenolol or metoprolol, help to lower blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart and blood vessels. When they are discontinued suddenly, especially after regular long-term use, the body's sympathetic nervous system can become overactive, leading to an increase in heart rate and blood pressure levels, often resulting in a condition referred to as rebound hypertension.

This phenomenon is particularly significant for patients who may have been using these medications to manage hypertension or heart-related issues. They can experience a spike in blood pressure that may exceed their baseline level prior to starting the drug, which can be dangerous and lead to further cardiovascular complications. This underscores the importance of tapering off beta-blockers gradually, as advised by healthcare providers, to prevent this rebound effect.

While acute kidney injury, bradycardia, and hypokalemia are important considerations in the clinical setting, they are not direct consequences of suddenly stopping beta-blockers. Instead, they relate to other potential issues associated with hypertension management or the effects of medication but do not represent the immediate rebound effect linked to beta-blocker cessation.